Associations of reproductive factors with postmenopausal follicle stimulating hormone

Women's Midlife Health

Table 4 Beta-coefficients for the association of menstrual factors and exogenous hormone use with follicle-stimulating hormone levels among n = 588 postmenopausal women aged 53–73 who were not using hormone therapy. Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study, 1998–2001

		Unadjusted		MV 1		MV2
Characteristic	n	beta (SE)	P	beta (SE)	P	beta (SE)	P
Age at menarche (years)
< 12	105	-0.2 (2.5)	0.94	1.4 (2.3)	0.52	3.3 (2.4)	0.16
13	140	referent		referent		referent
14	128	-0.3 (2.3)	0.89	-0.1 (2.1)	0.97	-0.1 (2.3)	0.97
15	113	-1.2 (2.4)	0.62	-0.3 (2.2)	0.89	1.6 (2.4)	0.50
≥ 16	94	1.9 (2.6)	0.45	2.0 (2.3)	0.39	1.6 (2.4)	0.53
per 1 year		0.3 (0.5)		0.1 (0.5)	0.89	-0.2 (0.5)	0.66
Age at last menses (years)
< 50	257	2.6 (1.8)	0.15	1.5 (1.6)	0.35	0.6 (1.7)	0.74
50 – 52	204	referent		referent		referent
> 52	127	-0.4 (2.2)	0.85	-0.3 (2.0)	0.87	-0.1 (2.1)	0.97
per 1 year		-0.2 (0.2)	0.40	-0.1 (0.2)	0.73	0.1 (0.2)	0.74
Duration of oral contraceptive use (years)
None	398	referent		referent		referent
< 1	38	1.4 (3.2)	0.67	0.9 (3.1)	0.78	0.1 (3.2)	0.97
1 – 3	65	0.9 (2.6)	0.71	2.4 (2.4)	0.32	2.4 (2.5)	0.32
4 – 6	41	-1.3 (3.1)	0.69	-1.9 (2.9)	0.50	-1.3 (2.9)	0.64
≥ 7	35	8.9 (3.4)	0.01	5.4 (3.1)	0.08	5.6 (3.2)	0.08
Test for trend			0.04		0.23		0.18
Duration of hormone therapy use^c (years)
None	393	referent		referent		referent
< 1	56	-0.9 (2.7)	0.75	-1.3 (2.5)	0.60	0.2 (2.5)	0.96
1 – 3	59	1.0 (2.7)	0.70	-1.9 (2.4)	0.43	-0.6 (2.6)	0.83
4 – 6	31	8.2 (3.6)	0.02	8.1 (3.2)	0.01	7.3 (3.4)	0.03
≥ 7	33	7.3 (3.5)	0.04	7.4 (3.2)	0.02	7.5 (3.2)	0.03
Test for trend			0.005		0.003		0.006

^aAdjusted for year of enrollment, age (years), estradiol (pmol/L), testosterone (nmol/L), and sex hormone binding globulin (nmol/L)
^bAdjusted for covariates in MV 1 and body mass index (continuous, kg/m²), waist-to-hip ratio (quartiles), physical activity (MET hours/day), alcohol intake (g/week), currents smoking (yes, no), pack-years of smoking (continuous), parity (continuous), age at first birth (continuous), number of miscarriages (continuous)
^cPrevious HT use; all participants included were not using HT at the time of FSH measurement

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